This is an acute viral infectious disease, noncontagious, transmitted by mosquitoes’ bites and characterized by fever, vomiting, muscle pain and the presence of an excess of serum proteins in the urine. Jungle Yellow Fever is endemic in South America and Africa.

Onset occurs suddenly with high fever and chills, severe headache, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Specific diagnosis depends on isolation of virus from blood.

Laboratory findings may include: increase in serum bilirrubin, prolonged time of coagulation, hypoglycemia, leukopenia and neutropenia.

No specific antiviral drug is available. Treatment aims basically for relief of symptoms and support of the patient. Oxygen support, blood / fluids replacement and correction of electrolyte imbalances may be needed. In case of renal failure peritoneal dialysis will be needed.

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